Manual of percutaneous coronary interventions: a step-by-step approach

Front Cover -- Manual of Percutaneous Coronary Interventions -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of contributors -- PCI cases online links -- CTO PCI cases online links -- Introduction -- Reference -- A. The steps -- 1 Planning -- 1.1 Planning -- 1.2 Monitoring -- 1.3 Pharmacology -- 1.4 Access -- 1.5 Engagement -- 1.6 Angiography -- 1.7 Determine target lesion(s) -- 1.8 Wiring -- 1.9 Lesion preparation -- 1.10 Stenting -- 1.11 Access closure -- 1.12 Physiology -- 1.13 Imaging -- 1.14 Hemodynamic support -- References -- 2 Monitoring -- 2.1 Patient -- 2.2 Electrocardiogram;2.3.Pressure waveform -- 2.4 Oxygen saturation -- 2.5 Radiation dose-X-ray system and shield positioning -- 2.6 Contrast volume -- 2.7 Access site -- 2.8 Medication administration (anticoagulation-ACT, sedation, other medications) -- 2.9 Operator and t3 eam performance -- 2.10 Cath lab environment -- 2.11 Sterile field and equipment -- 2.12 Equipment position within the body -- 3 Medications -- 3.1 Sedatives and analgesics -- 3.1.1 Goals -- 3.1.2 How? -- 3.1.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.1.3.1 Respiratory failure-hypopnea;3.1.3.2 Delayed response to oral P2Y12 inhibitors which may lead to thrombotic complications -- 3.2 Vasodilators -- 3.2.1 Nitroglycerin -- 3.2.1.1 Goals -- 3.2.1.2 How? -- 3.2.1.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.2.1.3.1 Hypotension -- 3.2.1.3.2 Headache, flushing, dizziness -- 3.2.1.3.3 Tachycardia -- 3.2.2 Nicardipine -- 3.2.2.1 Goals -- 3.2.2.2 How? -- 3.2.2.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.2.2.3.1 Hypotension -- 3.2.3 Nitroprusside -- 3.2.3.1 Goals -- 3.2.3.2 How? -- 3.2.3.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.2.3.3.1 Hypotension -- 3.2.4 Verapamil -- 3.2.4.1 Goals -- 3.2.4.2 How? -- 3.2.4.3 What can go wrong?;3.2.4.3.1 Hypotension -- 3.2.5 Adenosine -- 3.2.5.1 Goals -- 3.2.5.2 How? -- 3.2.5.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.2.5.3.1 Heart block -- 3.2.5.3.2 Atrial fibrillation -- 3.2.5.3.3 Ventricular fibrillation -- 3.3 Contrast media -- 3.3.1 Goals -- 3.3.2 How? -- 3.3.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.3.3.1 Contrast-induced acute kidney injury -- 3.3.3.2 Allergic reactions -- 3.3.3.3 Thyroid dysfunction -- 3.4 Anticoagulants -- 3.4.1 Goals -- 3.4.2 How? -- 3.4.2.1 Unfractionated heparin -- 3.4.2.1.1 Dose -- 3.4.2.1.2 Monitoring -- 3.4.2.1.3 Reversal -- 3.4.2.2 Bivalirudin -- 3.4.2.2.1 Dose -- 3.4.2.2.2 Monitoring;3.4.2.2.3 Reversal -- 3.4.3 Challenges -- 3.4.3.1 ACT is low after anticoagulant administration -- 3.4.4 What can go wrong? -- 3.4.4.1 Bleeding -- 3.4.4.2 Thrombosis -- 3.4.4.3 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) -- 3.5 Antiplatelet agents -- 3.5.1 Dual antiplatelet therapy -- 3.5.1.1 Goals -- 3.5.1.2 How? -- 3.5.1.2.1 Medication type -- 3.5.1.2.2 Dose -- 3.5.1.2.3 Pretreatment -- 3.5.1.2.4 Switching between oral P2Y12 inhibitors -- 3.5.1.2.5 DAPT duration -- 3.5.1.3 What can go wrong? -- 3.5.1.3.1 Bleeding -- 3.5.1.3.2 Dyspnea -- 3.5.1.3.3 Allergic reactions